One fourth of the world’s population—over 1.8 billion people—is infected by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and up to 15 percent will develop active tuberculosis (TB) disease if not treated [1]. In September 2018, the United Nations convened the first-ever High-Level Meeting (UNHLM) to accelerate the global response for ending the TB epidemic by 2035 [4]. This elimination target will only be possible by implementing active case finding and preventive strategies, including TB contact investigation and treatment of latent TB infection (LTBI).
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