Tanzania is one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, with more than 55,000 species of flora and fauna, including lions, elephants, whale sharks, and baobab trees.

Given Tanzania's level of development and the reliance on agriculture by 65 percent of the population, Tanzanians' livelihoods are inextricably linked to natural resources, which offer a foundation for sustainable development, stability, and long-term growth. Through the USAID Biodiversity Conservation Program, USAID partners with the government and people of Tanzania to improve environmental governance and natural resources management. It develops and supports key national environmental policies while promoting community conservation initiatives.